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Preface

Dear Aspirants,

Our greetings. We are yet again introducing a book on Indian History. This book is mainly prepared to give the candidates the necessary information for Preliminary Examination.

One may think that necessary information is highly subjective as per the writer of the book. But if one has gone through the process of preparation and analysed the question pattern, then one can say with high certainty and objectivity what is necessary for the exams. It is based on this process that we have developed this book.

The facts and figures in History are unlimited. But understanding what to know and what not to know makes all the difference between success and failure. These are certain basic and necessary facts an aspirant has to know to crack this exam. In this book all the needed facts are given in an organized way. They are not just dry facts. Some important events are also associated with these facts. This will help your recollection.

Care has been taken to avoid mistakes. Bring it to our notice for correction if any mistakes are found. We respect your valuable suggestions. We thank T.Prabhu, K.Nivetha and E.Bhuvaneswari and the content team of Smart Leaders IAS who have contributed immensely for the preparation of this book.

Regards, S.SIVARAJAVEL - M.A.SADIK FOUNDER-DIRECTORS(SMART LEADERS IAS)

Table Of Content

CHAPTERS	INDEX	PAGE NO
	PART I - ANCIENT INDIA
1	CHRONOLOGY, FOREIGNERS’ ACCOUNT AND TERMINOLOGY	8
2	PRE-HISTORICCULTURE	12
3	INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION	16
	Discovery	16
	Characteristic Features	16
	Special Features of Sites	22
4	VEDIC AGE	31
	Vedic Literature	33
	Rig Vedic Society	36
	Later Vedic Society	38
	Terminology	43
5	BUDDHISM	47
	Chronology	47
	Teachings of Buddhism	49
	Buddhist Councils	51
	Schism in Buddhism	52
6	JAINISM	56
	Chronology	56
	Preachings	58
	Schism and Councils	60
	Comparison of Buddhism and Jainism	62
	Other Heterodox Sects	63
7	MAHAJANAPADAS	64
	Magadhan Dynasties	64
	Foreigners’ Invasions	67
8	MAURYAN EMPIRE	69
	Sources	69
	Inscriptions of Asoka	73
	Contents of Edicts of Asoka	76
	Asoka’s Dhamma	77
	Mauryan Administration	78
	Terminology	84
9	SANGAM AGE	86
10	POST-MAURYA or PRE-GUPTA PERIOD	94
	Native Successors of Mauryas	94
	Foreign Successors of Mauryas	95
	Trade and Commerce	97
	Post-Mauryan Administration	97
11	SATAVAHANAS	99
12	GUPTA EMPIRE	105
	Sources	105
	Political History	106
	Administration	109
	Economy	110
	Culture	112
	Religious Sects	115
	Development of Science	120
	Post-Gupta Period	121
	Terminology	123
13	SCHOOLS OF ART	127
	Gandhara School	127
	Mathura School	127
	Amaravati School	128
14	SOUTH INDIAN KINGDOMS	130
	Pallavas (560-903 AD)	130
	Political History	130
	Art and Architecture	132
	Chalukayas of Badami (543-755 AD)	133
	Political History	133
	Art and Architecture	135
	Chalukyas of Kalyani	136
	Rashtrakutas(753-982 AD)	136
	Early History	136
	Cholas (848-1279 AD)	139
	Important Rulers	139
	Titles of Chola Kings	141
	Chola Art	142
	Terminology	142
	PART II - MEDIEVAL INDIA
15	CHRONOLOGY	145
16	TERMINOLOGY	151
17	HISTORIANS OF MEDIEVAL INDIA	160
	Important Foreign Travelers/Envoy:	160
	Important Writers	163
18	SULTANS OF DELHI (1206-1526 AD)	168
	Slave Dynasty (1206-1290 AD)	169
	Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD)	170
	Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1412 AD)	171
	Invasion by Timur	173
	Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451 AD)	173
	Lodi Dynasty(1451-1526 AD)	173
	Architecture	174
	Various Departments	174
	Officers and Their Duties	175
	Taxes	175
	Agrarian Condition	176
	Books and Authors	177
19	SURI AND MUGHAL EMPIRES	178
	Sur Empire (1540-1556)	178
	Sher Shah (1540-1545 AD)	178
	Sur Administration	178
	Mughals	179
	Mughal Administration	184
	Mughal Architecture	184
	Mughal Paintings	185
	Mughal Literature	185
	Agrarian Condition Under Sur and Mughal	186
	Terminology	187
20	BAHMANIKINGDOM	188
	Important Rulers	188
	Bahmani Succession States	190
	Books and Their Authors	191
	Terminology	191
21	VIJAYANAGAR	193
	Vijayanagar Dynasties	193
	Travellers	197
	Terminology	199
22	THE SAINTS OF MEDIEVAL INDIA	203
	South India	203
	Maharastra	204
	North India	206
	Religious Ideas	210
	Sikh Gurus	211
23	MUSLIM RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS	214
24	MARATHAS	217
	Maratha Confederacy	218
	Terminology	219
	Classical Writers in Indian Languages	221
	PART III - MODERN INDIA
25	CHRONOLOGY	224
26	THE LATER MUGHALS	242
	Decay of the Mughal Empire	242
	Autonomous States	247
	Bengal	247
	Awadh	248
	Hyderabad	249
	Mysore	249
27	EUROPEAN TRADING COMPANIES	250
28	BATTLES AND WARS	252
	Carnatic Wars	252
	Battle Of Plassey	253
	Battle Of Buxar	253
	Anglo-Mysore Wars	254
	Anglo-Maratha Wars	256
	Anglo-Sikh Wars	257
29	GOVERNOR GENERALS	259
30	REVOLTS	270
	Sepoy Mutinies	270
	The Revolt of 1857	270
	Vellore Mutiny	274
	Sepoy MutiniesBefore the 1857 Revolt	274
	Tribal Revolts	274
	Civilian Revolts	277
31	BOOKS, ORGANIZATIONS AND CONGRESS SESSIONS	279
	Books and Journals	279
	Pre-Congress Organisations	284
	Important Congress Sessions	286
	Revolutionary Terrorism – Persons Associated	287
	Leftist Organisations	290
	Persons Associated With	290
	Various Titles	295
32	SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS	296
	Hindu Reform Movements	296
	Sikh Reform Movements	301
	Parsi Movements	301
	Muslim Movements	302
	Caste Movements	303
33	NATIONALISM I	306
	Rise of National Consciousness	306
	Factors Contributing to Rise of Nationalism	307
	Foundation of INC (1885)	308
	Moderates and Extremists	309
	Partition of Bengal (1905)	310
	Surat Split (1907)	311
	Revolutionary Terrorism – Phase I	312
	Lucknow Session of INC (1916)	313
	Home Rule Movement (1916-1919)	313
34	NATIONALISM II	314
	Gandhi	314
	Gandhi in South Africa	314
	Gandhi in India	315
	Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movement (1919-22)	315
	Peasant Movements and Nationalism	317
	Indian Working Class and National Movement	323
	Revolutionary Terrorism – Phase II	325
	Formation of Swarajist Party	327
	Simon Commission (1927)	328
	Nehru Report (1928)	329
	Lahore Congress and Purna Swaraj (1929)	329
	Civil Disobedience Movement (1930)	330
	Gandhi-Irwin Pact	331
	Round Table Conferences	331
	Communal Award (1932)	332
	Poona Pact (1932)	332
	28 Months of Congress Rule (1937-1939)	333
	Individual Satyagraha (1940)	334
	Cripps Mission (March 1942)	334
	Quit India Movement (1942)	335
	Wavell Offer or Shimla Offer (1945)	336
	Indian National Army	337
	Royal Indian Navy Revolt	338
	Cabinet Mission Plan (1946)	339
	Constituent Assembly	340
	Mountbatten Plan (3rd June 1947)	340
	Independence of India Act, 1947	341
35	POST INDEPENDENCE	341
	Partition of India	341
	Accession of Junagadh (1947)	341
	Accession of Jammu And Kashmir (1947)	342
	Accession of Hyderabad (1948)	342
	First General Election and Lok Sabha	342
	Planning Commission (1950)	343
	Official Language	344
	Linguistic Reorganization of States	344
	Non-Alignment Movement (1961)	345
	Indo-China War (1962)	346
	Jawaharlal Nehru (1889 – 1964)	346
36	ACTS DURING THE BRITISH RULE	346
37	FAMOUS PERSONALITIES OF MODERN INDIA	352

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